Premature ovarian failure (POF), also known as primary ovarian insufficiency, is a condition where the ovaries stop functioning properly before age 40. This results in menopause-like symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and ovulation problems that can cause infertility.
Some key facts about POF:
- It affects roughly 1% of women under age 40, and 0.1% under age 30.
- The exact causes are often unknown, but can include autoimmune disorders, genetics, enzyme deficiencies, viral infections, chemotherapy treatment, and more.
- Diagnosis is made with blood tests showing high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels.
- Treatment focuses on managing symptoms with hormone replacement therapy, as well as addressing emotional effects.
What are the symptoms of POF?
Some common symptoms include:
- Irregular periods or amenorrhea (lack of periods)
- Reduced fertility or inability to conceive
- Hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness
- Fatigue, insomnia, or mood changes
- Loss of bone mineral density over time
What causes premature ovarian failure?
Known causes include:
- Autoimmune disorders - The body's immune system attacks ovarian tissue
- Genetic conditions - Chromosomal defects or fragile X syndrome
- Enzyme deficiencies - Problems metabolizing hormones
- Infections - Mumps, tuberculosis, malaria
- Cancer treatment - Chemotherapy or radiation therapy
- Family history/genetics
How is POF diagnosed?
Diagnostic tests may include:
- Blood hormone tests - FSH, estradiol, and anti-mullerian hormone levels
- Karyotype genetic test
- Ovarian biopsy or ultrasound - Checks follicle health
If you're struggling with
premature menopause symptoms or have been diagnosed with POF, the caring medical team at
Hormone Harmony Clinic is here to help. Our compassionate endocrinologists specialize in complex hormonal conditions and can work with you on customized
hormone replacement therapy to help regulate cycles, alleviate hot flashes, improve bone health, boost emotional wellbeing, and address infertility if desired. We'll take the time to understand your unique medical history and goals in order to develop the most effective treatment plan for your POF.